卷二

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    目  录 <span class="q">二十七调七十九体,起二十九字至三十六字</span></span>

    甘州曲二体<span class="q">又名甘州子

    </span>醉吟商一体

    干荷叶二体

    喜春来四体<span class="q">又名阳春曲</span></span>

    踏歌词一体

    秋风清三体<span class="q">又名秋风引、江南路、新安路</span></span>

    抛球乐四体<span class="q">又名莫思归</span></span>

    法驾导引一体

    蕃女怨一体

    一叶落一体

    忆王孙三体<span class="q">又名独脚令、忆君王、豆叶黄、画娥眉、阑干万里心、怨王孙</span></span>

    金字经三体<span class="q">又名阅金经</span></span>

    古调笑一体<span class="q">又名宫中调笑、转应曲、三台令</span></span>

    遐方怨二体

    后庭花破子二体

    如梦令六体<span class="q">又名忆仙姿、宴桃源、不见、比梅、古记、无梦令、如意令</span></span>

    诉衷情五体<span class="q">又名桃花水</span></span>

    西溪子二体

    天仙子五体<span class="q">又名万斯年</span></span>

    风流子九体

    归自谣一体<span class="q">又名风光子、思佳客</span></span>

    饮马歌一体

    定西番五体

    江城子五体<span class="q">又名江神子、村意远</span></span>

    望江怨一体

    长相思五体<span class="q">又名吴山青、山渐青、青山相送迎、长相思令、相思令</span></span>

    思帝乡三体</span>

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    甘州曲  唐教坊曲名。《唐书·礼乐志》:天宝间乐曲。皆以边地为名,甘州其一也。顾夐词名《甘州子》。</span>

    甘州曲<span class="q"> 单调二十九字,六句五平韵</span>                   王 衍</span>

    画罗裙<span class="q">韵</span>能结束<span class="q">句</span>称腰身<span class="q">韵</span>柳眉桃脸不胜春<span class="q">韵</span>薄媚足精神<span class="q">韵</span>可惜许<span class="q">读</span>沦落在风尘<span class="q">韵

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    此调起句三字。顾夐词添作七字,其实即此体也。结句,《词律》本落去许字,今从《花草粹编》增定。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,六句五平韵</span>                   顾 夐</span>

    一炉龙麝锦帷旁<span class="q">韵</span>屏掩映<span class="q">句</span>烛荧煌<span class="q">韵</span>禁城刁斗喜初长<span class="q">韵</span>罗荐绣鸳鸯<span class="q">韵</span>山枕上<span class="q">读</span>私语口脂香<span class="q">韵

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    此词即王词体,惟起句多四字。旧谱泥于《甘州曲》、《甘州子》两名小异,而另列之。不知曲子二字,互为省文,并无分别也。 按,顾词五首,俱有“山枕上”三字。其一首,第一句“红炉深夜醉调声”,红字平声;第四句“小屏古画岸低平”,古字仄声。又一首,第五句“月色照衣襟”,月字仄声;结句“翠钿镇眉心”,翠字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此。

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    醉吟商  姜夔自序云:石湖老人为子言,琵琶有四曲,今不传矣:《日濩索凉州》、《转关绿腰》、《醉吟商胡渭州》、《历弦薄媚》也。子每念之。辛亥夏,谒杨廷秀于金陵邸中,遇琵琶工,解作《醉吟商胡渭州》,因求得品弦法,译成《醉吟商》小令,实双调也。 按,《胡渭州》,唐教坊曲名,《醉吟商》,其宫调也。姜夔自度,乃夹钟商曲,盖借旧曲名,另倚新腔耳。</span>

    醉吟商 <span class="q">双调二十九字,前段三句两仄韵,后段三句三仄韵</span>         姜 夔</span>

    正是春归<span class="q">句</span>细柳暗黄千缕<span class="q">韵</span>暮鸦啼处<span class="q">韵</span>  梦逐金鞍去<span class="q">韵</span>一点芳心休诉<span class="q">韵</span>琵琶解语<span class="q">韵

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    此调平仄无他首可校。

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    干荷叶  元刘秉忠自度曲。属南吕宫,取起名三字为调名。</span>

    干荷叶 <span class="q">单调二十九字,七句四平韵、两叶韵</span>               刘秉忠</span>

    干荷叶<span class="q">句</span>色苍苍<span class="q">韵</span>老柄风摇荡<span class="q">叶</span>减清香<span class="q">韵</span>越添黄<span class="q">韵</span>都因昨夜一番霜<span class="q">韵</span>寂寞秋江上<span class="q">叶

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    此亦元人小令,平仄韵互叶。刘作三首皆然。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十字,七句四平韵、两叶韵</span>                刘秉忠</span>

    干荷叶<span class="q">句</span>映枯蒲<span class="q">韵</span>柄折难擎露<span class="q">叶</span>藕丝芜<span class="q">韵</span>倩风扶<span class="q">韵</span>待擎无力不成珠<span class="q">韵</span>难盖宿<span class="q">读</span>滩头鹭<span class="q">叶

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    此词结句作六字一句,较前词多一衬字。

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    喜春来  《太平乐府》注:中吕宫。《太和正音谱》注:正宫。一名《阳春曲》。</span>

    喜春来 <span class="q">单调二十九字,五句一叶韵、四平韵</span>              张 雨</span>

    江梅的的依茅舍<span class="q">叶</span>石濑溅溅漱玉沙<span class="q">韵</span>瓦瓯蓬底送年华<span class="q">韵</span>问暮鸦<span class="q">韵</span>何处阿戎家<span class="q">韵

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    此亦元人小令,平仄韵互叶者。 按,元好问词,起句“春盘且剪三生菜”,宜字平声。姚燧词,第三名“山河判断笔尖头”,山字平声。元好问词,结句“且唱喜春来”,且字仄声。其余平仄,参校周德清、司马九皋两词。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调二十九字,五句两叶韵、三平韵</span>              周德清</span>

    闲花酝酿蜂儿蜜<span class="q">叶</span>细雨调和燕子泥<span class="q">韵</span>绿窗蝶梦觉来迟<span class="q">韵</span>谁唤起<span class="q">叶</span>帘外晓莺啼<span class="q">韵

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    此词第四句,亦叶仄韵,与张词异。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十字,六句两叶韵、三平韵</span>              司马九皋</span>

    岁云暮矣虽无补<span class="q">叶</span>时复中之尽有余<span class="q">韵</span>老来吾亦爱吾庐<span class="q">韵</span>清债苦<span class="q">叶</span>尊有酒<span class="q">句</span>且消除<span class="q">韵

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    此词与周词同,惟结句多一衬字,作三字两句异。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十一字,七句一叶韵、四平韵</span>         <span class="q">《太平乐府》</span>无名氏</span>

    海棠过雨红初淡<span class="q">叶</span>杨柳无风睡正寒<span class="q">韵</span>杏烧红<span class="q">句</span>桃剪锦<span class="q">句</span>草拖蓝<span class="q">韵</span>三月三<span class="q">韵</span>和气盛东南<span class="q">韵

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    此词第三句,作三字三句异。

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    踏歌词  唐《辇下岁时记》:先天初,上御安福门观灯,令朝士能文者,为《踏歌》。陈旸《乐书》云:《踏歌》,队舞曲也。 </span>

    踏歌行 <span class="q">单调三十字,六句四平韵</span>                  崔 液</span>

    彩女迎金屋<span class="q">句</span>仙姬出画堂<span class="q">韵</span>鸳鸯裁锦袖<span class="q">句</span>翡翠贴花黄<span class="q">韵</span>歌响舞分行<span class="q">韵</span>艳色动流光<span class="q">韵

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    此调五字六句,崔词二首皆然。旧谱于此词,第五句作七字,第六句作三字者,非。 按,崔词别首,第一句“庭际花微落”,庭字平声;第四句“罗袖觉寒轻”,罗字平声。

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    秋风清  一名《秋风引》。寇准词名《江南春》,刘长卿仄韵词名《新安路》。</span>

    秋风清 <span class="q">单调三十字,六句四平韵</span>                  李 白</span>

    秋风清<span class="q">韵</span>秋月明<span class="q">韵</span>落叶聚还散<span class="q">句</span>寒鸦栖复惊<span class="q">韵</span>相思相见知何日<span class="q">句</span>此时此夜难为情<span class="q">韵

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    此本三、五、七言诗,后人采入词中,其平仄不拘。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十字,六句三平韵</span>                  寇 准</span>

    波渺渺<span class="q">句</span>柳依依<span class="q">韵</span>孤村芳草远<span class="q">句</span>斜日杏花飞<span class="q">韵</span>江南春尽离肠断<span class="q">句</span>苹满汀洲人未归<span class="q">韵

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    此即李白“秋风清”词体,但首句不用韵,且声调亦较谐婉。故列又一体。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十字,六句四仄韵</span>                  刘长卿</span>

    新安路<span class="q">韵</span>人来去<span class="q">韵</span>早潮复晚潮<span class="q">句</span>明日知何处<span class="q">韵</span>潮水无情亦解归<span class="q">句</span>自怜长在新安住<span class="q">韵

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    此词用仄韵,其字句与李词同。

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    抛球乐  唐教坊曲名。《唐音癸笺》云:《抛球乐》,酒筵中抛球为令,其所唱之词也。《宋史·乐志》:女弟子舞队,三日抛球乐。 按,此调三十字者,始于刘禹锡词,皇甫松本此填,多一和声。三十三字者,始于冯延巳词,因词有“且莫思归去”句,或名《莫思归》。皆五七言小律诗体。至宋柳永,则借旧曲名,别倚新声,始有两段一百八十七字体。《乐章集》注:林钟商调。与唐词小令体制,迥然各别。以同一调名,故类列之。</span>

    抛球乐 <span class="q">单调三十字,六句四平韵</span>                  刘禹锡</span>

    五色绣团圆<span class="q">韵</span>登君玳瑁筵<span class="q">韵</span>最宜红烛下<span class="q">句</span>偏称落花前<span class="q">韵</span>上客如先起<span class="q">句</span>应须赠一船<span class="q">韵

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    此本唐人小律,后人教坊,被之管弦,遂相沿为词。中二句必用对偶,诸作皆然。 按,刘词别首,第四句“却忆未开时”,却字仄声;结句“一杯君莫辞”,一字仄声,君字平声。谱内可平可仄据此。其首句五字可平,则参皇甫松词也。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,七句三平韵、一叠韵</span>              皇甫松</span>

    金蹙花球小<span class="q">句</span>真珠绣带垂<span class="q">韵</span>绣带垂<span class="q">叠</span>几回冲蜡烛<span class="q">句</span>千度入香怀<span class="q">韵</span>上客终须醉<span class="q">句</span>觥盂且乱排<span class="q">韵

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    此词起首不用韵,第二句下多三字叠句。 按,古乐府“贱妾与君共餔糜,共餔糜”,有叠句和声。此词叠“绣带垂”三字,亦和声也。

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    又一体 <span class="q">单调四十字,六句四平韵</span>                   冯延巳</span>

    霜积秋山万树红<span class="q">韵</span>倚岩楼上挂朱栊<span class="q">韵</span>白云天远重重恨<span class="q">句</span>黄叶烟深渐渐风<span class="q">韵</span>仿佛凉州曲<span class="q">句</span>吹在谁</span>

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    家玉笛中<span class="q">韵</span></span>

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    此词惟第五句五字,余皆七字。 按,《阳春集》冯词八首,皆然。其一首,起句“坐对高楼千万山”,坐字仄声,千字平声;第三句“烧残红烛暮云合”,烧字平声,暮字仄声;第四句“飘尽碧梧金井寒”,碧字仄声,金字平声。又一首,第二句“登高欢醉夜忘回”,登字平声;第三句“歌阑赏尽珊瑚树”,赏字仄声。又一首,第四句“满面西风凭玉阑”,满字仄声;第五句“归去须沉醉”,归字平声;结句“小院新池月乍寒”,小字仄声。又一首,结句“金菊年年秋解开”,秋字平声。谱内可平可仄据此。旧谱未注平仄,今增入。

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    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百八十七字,前段十九句七仄韵,后段十七句七仄韵</span>     柳 永</span>

    晓来天气浓淡<span class="q">句</span>微雨轻洒<span class="q">韵</span>近清明<span class="q">读</span>风絮巷陌<span class="q">句</span>烟草池塘<span class="q">句</span>尽堪图画<span class="q">韵</span>艳杏暖<span class="q">读</span>妆脸匀开<span class="q">句

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    弱柳困<span class="q">读</span>宫腰低亚<span class="q">韵</span>是处丽质盈盈<span class="q">句</span>巧笑嬉嬉<span class="q">句</span>争簇秋千架<span class="q">韵</span>戏彩球罗绶<span class="q">句</span>金鸡芥羽<span class="q">句</span>少年</span>

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    驰骋<span class="q">句</span>芳郊绿野<span class="q">韵</span>占断五陵游<span class="q">句</span>奏脆管<span class="q">读</span>繁弦声和雅<span class="q">韵</span>向名园深处<span class="q">句</span>争泥画轮<span class="q">句</span>竞羁宝马<span class="q">韵

    </span>○● ○○●● ●●●○○ ●●● ○○○○● ●○○○● ○●●○ ●○●●

    取次罗列杯盘<span class="q">句</span>就芳树<span class="q">读</span>绿影红阴下<span class="q">韵</span>舞婆娑<span class="q">句</span>歌宛转<span class="q">句</span>仿佛莺娇燕姹<span class="q">韵</span>寸珠片玉<span class="q">句</span>争</span>

    ●●○●○○ ●○● ●●○○● ●○○ ○●● ●●○○●● ●○●● ○

    似浓欢无价<span class="q">韵</span>任他美酒<span class="q">句</span>十千一斗<span class="q">句</span>饮竭仍解金貂贳<span class="q">韵</span>恣幕天席地<span class="q">句</span>陶陶尽醉太平<span class="q">句</span>且乐唐</span>

    ●○○○● ●○●● ●○●● ●●○●○○● ●●○●● ○○●●●○ ●●○

    虞景化<span class="q">韵</span>须信艳阳天<span class="q">句</span>看未足<span class="q">读</span>已觉莺花谢<span class="q">韵</span>对绿蚁翠蛾<span class="q">句</span>怎生轻舍<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●● ○●●○○ ●●● ●●○○● ●●●●○ ●○○●

    ·

    按,《宋史·乐志》,有夹钟商《抛球乐》,其词不传。元人有黄钟宫《抛球乐》,字数参差,词亦俚鄙。《乐章集》亦仅见此作,别无可校。平仄宜遵之。

    </span></span>

    法驾道引  宋陈与义词序云:世传顷年都下市肆中,有道人携乌衣椎髻女子,买斗酒独饮,女子歌词以侑。凡九阕,皆非人世语。或记之,以问一道士。道士惊曰:此赤城韩夫人所制水府蔡真人《法驾道引》也,乌衣女子疑龙云。得其三而忘其六,拟作三阕。</span>

    法驾道引 <span class="q">单调三十字,六句三平韵</span>                 陈与义</span>

    朝元路<span class="q">句</span>朝元路<span class="q">叠</span>同驾玉华君<span class="q">韵</span>千乘载花红一色<span class="q">句</span>人间遥指是祥云<span class="q">韵</span>回望海光新<span class="q">韵

    </span>○⊙● ○⊙● ⊙●●○○ ⊙●◎○○●● ⊙○○●●○○ ○●●○○

    ·

    此词与《望江南》相近,但起句下多一叠句耳。 按,陈词别首,起二句“烟漠漠,烟漠漠”,上两漠字俱仄声;第三句“海上百花摇”,海字仄声;第四句“十八风鬟云半动”,十字仄声,风字平声;第五句“月华微映是空舟”,月字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    蕃女怨  唐温庭筠二词,俱咏蕃女之怨,故词中有“雁门沙碛”诸语。</span>

    蕃女怨 <span class="q">单调三十一字,七句四仄韵、两平韵</span>             温庭筠</span>

    万枝香雪开已遍<span class="q">仄韵</span>细雨双燕<span class="q">韵</span>钿蝉筝<span class="q">句</span>金雀扇<span class="q">韵</span>画梁相见<span class="q">韵</span>雁门消息不归来<span class="q">平韵</span>又飞回<span class="q">韵

    </span>●○○●○●●<span class="q">  </span>◎●○● ●○○ ○●● ◎○○● ●○○●●○○ ●○○

    ·

    此调四仄韵,结换二平韵,温词二首并同。其起句“已”字,第二句“雨”字,例用仄声。温词别首,“碛南沙上惊雁起,飞雪千里”,雁字、雪字俱仄声。旧谱注可平者误。惟第二句“飞雪千里”飞字,第五句“年年争战”上年字,可用平声也。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    一叶落  《五代史》云,后唐庄宗能自度曲。此其一也。取首句为调名。</span>

    一叶落 <span class="q">单调三十一字,七句五仄韵、一叠韵</span>            <span class="q">后唐</span>庄宗</span>

    一叶落<span class="q">韵</span>褰珠箔<span class="q">韵</span>此时景物正萧索<span class="q">韵</span>画楼月影寒<span class="q">句</span>西风吹罗幕<span class="q">韵</span>吹罗幕<span class="q">叠</span>往事思量著<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●● ○○● ●○●●●○● ●○●●○ ○○○○● ○○● ●●○○●

    ·

    此词第六句,即叠字第五句,亦是和声,填者亦遵之。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    忆王孙  此词单调三十一字者,创自秦观,宋元人照此填。《太平乐府》注:黄钟宫。《太和正音谱》注:仙吕宫。《梅苑》词名《独脚令》;谢克家词名《忆君王》;吕渭老词名《豆叶黄》;陆游词,有“画得蛾眉胜旧时”句,名《画蛾眉》;张辑词,有“几曲阑干万里心”句,名《阑干万里心》。双调五十四字者,见《复雅歌词》,或名《怨王孙》,与单调绝不同。坊刻又有仄韵单调《忆王孙》,查系《渔家傲》一段。故谱内不收。</span>

    忆王孙 <span class="q">单调三十一字,五句五平韵</span>                 秦 观</span>

    萋萋芳草忆王孙<span class="q">韵</span>柳外楼高空断魂<span class="q">韵</span>杜宇声声不忍闻<span class="q">韵</span>欲黄昏<span class="q">韵</span>雨打梨花深闭门<span class="q">韵

    </span>⊙○⊙●●○○ ◎●○○⊙●○ ◎●○○◎●○ ●○○ ◎●○○⊙●○

    ·

    宋元人词悉与此同。按姜夔词,第一句“冷红叶叶下塘秋”,冷字、叶字俱仄声;第二句“长与行云共一舟”,长安平声,共字仄声。李甲词,第三句“沉李浮瓜冰雪凉”,沉字、冰字俱平声;结句“针线慵拈午梦长”,针字平声,午字仄声,谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十一字,五句三平韵、两叶韵</span>              白 朴</span>

    瑶阶月色晃疏棂<span class="q">韵</span>银烛秋光冷画屏<span class="q">韵</span>消遣此时此夜景<span class="q">叶</span>步闲庭<span class="q">韵</span>苔浸凌波罗袜冷<span class="q">叶

    </span>○○●●●○○ ○●○○●●○ ○●●○●●● ●○○ ○●○○○●●

    ·

    此亦元人小令。其字句与秦词同,惟第三句与末句用叶韵异。可见词曲一源,所辨只在用韵不同也。明杨慎词、林万选词云:元曲一半儿,即此词。盖其末句“一半儿行书,一半儿草”,两“儿”字比衬字也。益可知词与曲之分矣。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调五十四字,前后段各四句三仄韵</span>         <span class="q">《复雅歌辞》</span>无名氏</span>

    湖上风来波浩渺<span class="q">韵</span>秋已暮<span class="q">读</span>红稀香少<span class="q">韵</span>水光山色与人亲<span class="q">句</span>说不尽<span class="q">读</span>无穷好<span class="q">韵</span>  莲子已成荷叶</span>

    ○●○○○●● ○●● ⊙○○● ●○○●●○○ ●●● ○○●   ○◎◎⊙○◎</span>

    老<span class="q">韵</span>清露洗<span class="q">读</span>苹花汀草<span class="q">韵</span>眠沙鸥鹭不回头<span class="q">句</span>似应恨<span class="q">读</span>人归早<span class="q">韵

    </span>● ○●● ⊙○⊙● ⊙○⊙●●○○ ●⊙● ○○●

    ·

    按,周紫芝词与此同,惟换头句“思量千里乡关道”,平仄全异;又前段第二句“红满地、落花谁扫”,落字仄声;后段第二句“山共水、几时得到”,几字、得字俱仄声;第三句“杜鹃只解怨残春”,杜字、只字俱仄声;结句“也不管、人烦恼”,不字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    金字经  《太平乐府》注:南吕宫。《元史·乐志》说法舞队,有《金字经》曲,一名《阅金经》。</span>

    金字经 <span class="q">单调三十一字,七句五平韵、一叶韵</span>              张可久</span>

    水冷溪鱼贵<span class="q">句</span>酒香霜蟹肥<span class="q">韵</span>环绿亭深掩翠微<span class="q">韵</span>梅<span class="q">韵</span>落花浮玉杯<span class="q">韵</span>山翁醉<span class="q">叶</span>笑随明月归<span class="q">韵

    </span>◎●○⊙● ●○○●○ ○●○○◎●○ ○ ●○⊙●○ ○○● ●○○●○

    ·

    此亦元人小令,平仄韵互叶者。因《元史》采入舞曲,且各有宫调,故存之。其可平可仄,悉参后词,故不复注。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十二字,七句五平韵、一叶韵</span>         <span class="q">《太平乐府》</span>徐<span class="q">失名</span></span>

    犀箸丝鱼脍<span class="q">句</span>象盘冰蔗浆<span class="q">韵</span>池阁南风红藕香<span class="q">韵</span>将<span class="q">韵</span>紫霞白玉觞<span class="q">韵</span>低低唱<span class="q">叶</span>唱著道<span class="q">读</span>今夜凉<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●○○● ●○○●○ ○●○○○●○ ○ ●○●●○ ○○● ●●● ○●○

    ·

    此与张词同,惟结句添一衬字异。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十四字,七句四平韵、两叶韵</span>         <span class="q">《太平乐府》</span>徐<span class="q">失名</span></span>

    紫燕寻旧垒<span class="q">句</span>翠鸳栖暖沙<span class="q">韵</span>一处处<span class="q">读</span>绿杨堪系马<span class="q">叶</span>他<span class="q">韵</span>问前村<span class="q">读</span>沽酒家<span class="q">韵</span>秋千下<span class="q">叶</span>粉墙边<span class="q">读</span>红</span>

    ●●○●● ●○○●○ ●●● ●○○●● ○ ●○○ ○●○ ○○● ●○○ ○

    杏花<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ●○

    ·

    此与前词同,惟第三句、第五句,各添一衬字异。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    古调笑  《乐苑》:商调曲。一名《宫中调笑》。白居易诗《打嫌调笑易》,自注:调笑,抛打曲名也。戴叔伦词,名《转应曲》;冯延巳词,名《三台令》。与宋词《调笑令》不同。</span>

    古调笑 <span class="q">单调三十二字,八句四仄韵、两平韵、两叠韵</span>          王 建</span>

    蝴蝶<span class="q">仄韵</span>蝴蝶<span class="q">叠</span>飞上金枝玉叶<span class="q">韵</span>君前对舞春风<span class="q">平韵</span>百叶桃花树红<span class="q">韵</span>红树<span class="q">换仄韵</span>红树<span class="q">叠</span>燕语莺啼</span>

    ○●<span class="q">  </span>○● ⊙⊙⊙○◎● ⊙⊙◎◎⊙○<span class="q">  </span>◎◎⊙⊙●○ ○●<span class="q">   </span>○● ◎◎⊙○

    日暮<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ◎●

    ·

    此词凡三换头。起用叠句,第六、七句,即倒叠第五句末二字转以应之。戴叔伦所谓转应者,意盖取此。 按,此调五建词四首,韦应物词二首,戴叔伦词一首,冯延巳词三首。其第一、二句,第六、七句,平仄皆同,惟第三句,王词别首“美人并来遮面”,美字、并字俱仄声,遮字平声。第四句,冯词“日斜柳暗花蔫”,日字仄声;戴词“山北山南雪晴”,北字、雪字俱仄声,山南二字俱平声。第五句,王词别首“商人少妇断肠”,商人二字俱平声,少妇二字仄声。结句,戴词“芦笳一声愁绝”,芦字、笳字、愁字俱平声,一字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此,但唐人制调,审音必精,其平仄不同,自中律吕。填者或择一体宗之,更为严谨也。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    遐方怨  唐教坊曲名。此调有两体。单调者始于温庭筠,双调者始于顾夐、孙光宪。惟《花间集》有之,宋人无填此者。</span>

    遐方怨 <span class="q">单调三十二字,七句四平韵</span>                 温庭筠</span>

    凭绣栏<span class="q">句</span>解罗帏<span class="q">韵</span>未得君书<span class="q">句</span>断肠潇湘春雁飞<span class="q">韵</span>不知征马几时归<span class="q">韵</span>海棠花尽也<span class="q">句</span>雨霏霏<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●● ●○○ ●●○○ ●○○⊙○●○ ●○○●●○○ ●○○●● ●○○

    又一体 <span class="q">双调六十字,前后段各六句四平韵</span>               孙光宪</span>

    红绶带<span class="q">句</span>锦香囊<span class="q">韵</span>为表花前意<span class="q">句</span>殷勤赠玉郎<span class="q">韵</span>此时更自役心肠<span class="q">韵</span>转添秋夜梦魂长<span class="q">韵</span>  思艳</span>

    ○●● ●○○ ●◎○⊙● ⊙○◎●○ ●○◎●●○○ ●○○●●○○   ⊙◎</span>

    质<span class="q">句</span>想娇妆<span class="q">韵</span>愿早传金盏<span class="q">句</span>同欢卧醉乡<span class="q">韵</span>任人猜妒尽提防<span class="q">韵</span>到头须使是鸳鸯<span class="q">韵

    </span>● ●○○ ◎●○○● ⊙○◎●○ ●○○●●○○ ◎○○●●○○

    ·

    此与温庭筠一段词,大同小异。惟第三、四句减一字,作五字两句;第六、七句减一字,作七字一句耳。顾夐“帘影细”词,正与此同。 顾词前段第三句“像纱笼玉指”,纱字平声,玉字仄声;第四句“缕金罗扇轻”,缕字仄声,罗字平声;第五句“嫩红双脸似花明”,双字平声;后段第一句“凤箫歇”,凤字仄声,箫字平声;第三句“辽塞音书绝”,辽字平声;第四句“梦魂长暗惊”,梦字仄声,长字平声。结句“教人争不恨无情”,教字平声。谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    后庭花破子  《太平乐府》注:仙吕调。《唐书·礼乐志》:夷则羽,俗呼仙吕调。此金元小令,与唐词《后庭花》、宋词《玉树后庭花》异。所谓破子者,以其繁声入破也。</span>

    后庭花破子 <span class="q">单调三十二字,七句五平韵</span>               王 恽</span>

    绿树远连洲<span class="q">韵</span>青山压树头<span class="q">韵</span>落日高城望<span class="q">句</span>烟霏翠满楼<span class="q">韵</span>木兰舟<span class="q">韵</span>彼汾一曲<span class="q">句</span>春风佳可游<span class="q">韵

    </span>◎◎◎⊙○ ⊙⊙◎●○ ◎◎○⊙● ○○◎●○ ●○○ ◎○◎● ⊙○⊙●○

    ·

    此调创自金元,有邵亨贞、赵孟頫词及《太平乐府》、《花草粹编》无名氏词可校。 按,邵词第一句“刺船鹦鹉洲”,鹦字平声。《太平乐府》词,第二句“寸心千古愁”,寸字仄声,千字平声。《花草粹编》词,“瑶草妆镜边”,草字仄声。邵词,第三句“江上花无语”,江字平声。《花草粹编》词,“去年花不老”,不字仄声。邵词,第四句“天涯人未还”,人字平声。《太平乐府》词,第六句“风帆无数”,风字平声。邵词,结句“隔江何处山”,隔字仄声。《太平乐府》词,“斜阳独倚楼”,独字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此,余参下词。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,七句五平韵</span>                  赵孟頫</span>

    清溪一叶舟<span class="q">韵</span>芙蓉两岸秋<span class="q">韵</span>采菱谁家女<span class="q">句</span>歌声起暮鸥<span class="q">韵</span>乱云愁<span class="q">韵</span>满头风雨<span class="q">句</span>戴荷叶<span class="q">读</span>归去休<span class="q">韵

    </span>○○●●○ ○○●●○ ●○○○● ○○●●○ ●○○ ●○○● ●○● ○●○

    ·

    此与王词同,惟结句多一衬字,作折腰句法异。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    如梦令  宋苏轼词注:此曲本唐庄宗制,名《忆仙姿》,嫌其名不雅,故改为《如梦令》。盖因此词中有“如梦、如梦”叠句也。周邦彦又因此词首句,改名《宴桃源》。沈会宗词有“不见、不见”叠句,名《不见》。张辑词有“比著梅花谁瘦”句,名《比梅》。《梅苑》词,名《古记》。《鸣鹤余音》词,名《无梦令》。魏泰双调词,句《如意令》。</span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,七句五仄韵、一叠韵</span>             <span class="q">后唐</span>庄宗</span>

    曾宴桃源深洞<span class="q">韵</span>一曲舞鸾歌凤<span class="q">韵</span>长记别伊时<span class="q">句</span>和泪出门相送<span class="q">韵</span>如梦<span class="q">韵</span>如梦<span class="q">叠</span>残月落花烟重<span class="q">韵

    </span>⊙●⊙○⊙● ◎●◎○⊙● ⊙●●○○ ⊙●◎○⊙● ⊙● ⊙● ⊙●◎○⊙●

    ·

    此调以此词为正体,第五、六句例用叠句。若《梅苑》、《鸣鹤余音》词,皆变体也。 按,白居易词,首句“前度小花静院”,静字仄声。沈会宗词,第五、六句“不见、不见”,两不字俱仄声。白词,第七句“记取钗横鬓乱”,鬓字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此,其余悉参后词。 又按,苏轼词,第三句“唤起百舌儿”,舌字入声,宋元人此字从无用仄声者,当是以入作平,不可泛用上去声字。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,七句六仄韵</span>              <span class="q">《梅苑》</span>无名氏</span>

    腊半雪梅初绽<span class="q">韵</span>玉屑琼英碎剪<span class="q">韵</span>素艳与清香<span class="q">句</span>别有风流堪羡<span class="q">韵</span>苞嫩<span class="q">韵</span>蕊浅<span class="q">韵</span>羞破寿阳人面<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●●○○● ●●○○●● ●●●○○ ●●○○○● ○● ●● ○●●○○●

    ·

    此词第五、六句不叠。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,七句五仄韵、一叠韵           《梅苑》</span>无名氏</span>

    疑是水晶宫殿<span class="q">韵</span>云女天仙宝宴<span class="q">韵</span>吟赏欲黄昏<span class="q">句</span>风送一声羌管<span class="q">韵</span>烟淡<span class="q">韵</span>霜淡<span class="q">叠</span>月在画楼西畔<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●●○○● ○●○○●● ○●●○○ ○●●○○● ○● ○● ●●●○○●

    ·

    此词第五、六句,但叠韵而不叠句。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,六句四仄韵、一叠韵</span>         <span class="q">《鸣鹤余音》</span>无名氏</span>

    学道非难非易<span class="q">韵</span>怎敢巳而不巳<span class="q">韵</span>专下死功夫<span class="q">句</span>悟得长生活计<span class="q">韵</span>长生活计<span class="q">叠</span>收得精光神气<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●○○○● ●●●○●● ○●●○○ ●●○○●● ○○●● ○●○○○●

    ·

    此词第五、六句作四字一句,即叠上句下四字,与前二体又异。 按,此体见《鸣鹤余音》集,有一段者,有两段者,词极鄙俚,故止采一首以备体。 又按,宋赵长卿词,第四句“目断行云凝伫”,第五、六句“凝伫、凝伫”,即叠第四句韵,与此略同。但“凝伫”叠句,与“如梦”叠句同,故不另列。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,七句五平韵、一叠韵               </span>吴文英</span>

    秋千争闹粉墙<span class="q">韵</span>闲看燕紫莺黄<span class="q">韵</span>啼到绿阴处<span class="q">句</span>唤回浪子闲忙<span class="q">韵</span>春光<span class="q">韵</span>春光<span class="q">叠</span>正是拾翠寻芳<span class="q">韵

    </span>○○○●●○ ○○●●○○ ○●●○● ●○●●○○ ○○ ○○ ●●●●○○

    ·

    此词用平韵,宋人惟吴文英一首,无别词可校。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调六十六字,前后段各七句五仄韵、一叠韵</span>          魏 泰</span>

    炎暑尚余八日<span class="q">韵</span>火老金柔时节<span class="q">韵</span>闻道间生贤<span class="q">句</span>储秀降神崧极<span class="q">韵</span>无敌<span class="q">韵</span>无敌<span class="q">叠</span>当代人偷准的<span class="q">韵</span> </span>

    ⊙●◎○●● ●●⊙○⊙● ⊙●◎○○ ⊙●◎○○● ○● ○● ⊙●○○◎●

    射策当为第一<span class="q">韵</span>高跃龙门三级<span class="q">韵</span>荣看绿袍新<span class="q">句</span>帝渥必加宠锡<span class="q">韵</span>良弼<span class="q">韵</span>良弼<span class="q">叠</span>真个国家柱石<span class="q">韵

    </span>◎●○○●● ⊙●○○○● ○●●○○ ◎●◎○◎● ○● ○● ⊙●●○◎●

    ·

    此词合两段《如梦令》为一阕,有李、刘词可校。李词,前段第一句“久羡庞眉鹤发”,久字仄声,庞字平声;第二句“闻望孔堂烜赫”,烜字、孔字俱仄声;第三句“信得彭乔仙”,信字仄声,彭字平声;第四句“秘受长生真诀”,秘字仄声,长字平声;第七句“吕望师周时节”,吕字仄声,时字平声;后段第一句“才过中秋六日”,才字平声;第二句“对此称觞忻怿”,对字仄声;第四句“金缕轻调莺舌”,金字、轻字、莺字俱平声;末句“九九算犹千百”,上九字仄声,千字平声。谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    诉衷情  唐教坊曲名。毛文锡词,有“桃花流水漾纵横”句,又名《桃花水》。 按,《花间集》此调有两体,单调者,或间入一仄韵,或间入两仄韵,韦庄、顾夐、温庭筠三词略同。双调者,全押平韵,毛文锡、魏承班三词略同。</span>

    诉衷情 <span class="q">单调三十三字,十一句五仄韵、六平韵</span>             温庭筠</span>

    莺语<span class="q">仄韵</span>花舞<span class="q">韵</span>春昼午<span class="q">韵</span>雨霏微<span class="q">平韵</span>金带枕<span class="q">换仄韵</span>宫锦<span class="q">韵</span>凤凰帷<span class="q">平韵</span>柳弱莺交飞<span class="q">韵</span>依依<span class="q">韵</span>辽阳</span>

    ○●<span class="q">  </span>○● ○●● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>○●●<span class="q">   </span>○● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>◎●●○○ ○○ ⊙○

    音信稀<span class="q">韵</span>梦中归<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●○ ●○○

    ·

    此词以平韵为主,间两仄韵于平韵之内。 按,《花间集》此体第九句,类用叠字,如“轻轻”、“迢迢”、“沉沉”皆然。其第八句,柳字可平,第十句,辽字可仄,则参韦庄词也。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,九句六平韵、两仄韵</span>              韦 庄</span>

    碧沼红芳烟雨静<span class="q">句</span>倚兰桡<span class="q">平韵</span>垂玉佩<span class="q">仄韵</span>交带<span class="q">韵</span>袅纤腰<span class="q">平韵</span>鸳梦隔星桥<span class="q">韵</span>迢迢<span class="q">韵</span>越罗香暗销<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●○○○●● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>○●●<span class="q">  </span>○● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>○●●○○ ○○ ●○○●○

    坠花翘<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ●○○

    ·

    温词起七字作三句,间入三仄韵。此词起七字作一句,不间入仄韵,“倚兰桡”以下俱同。或云佩、带非韵,不知韦词又有“花欲谢,深夜”,顾夐词有“罗带重,双凤”,正与温作相合。但温词起句,间入仄韵,第三句又换仄韵,韦、顾词,只于第三句间入仄韵耳。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十七字,九句六平韵、两仄韵</span>              顾 夐</span>

    永夜抛人何处去<span class="q">句</span>绝来音<span class="q">平韵</span>香阁掩<span class="q">仄韵</span>眉敛<span class="q">韵</span>月将沉<span class="q">平韵</span>争忍不相寻<span class="q">韵</span>怨孤衾<span class="q">韵</span>换我心<span class="q">读</span>为</span>

    ●●○○○●● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>○●●<span class="q">  </span>○● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>○●●○○ ●○○ ●●○ ○

    你心<span class="q">韵</span>始知相忆深<span class="q">韵

    </span>●○ ●○○●○

    ·

    按,《花间集》顾词二首,其一首与韦词同,此亦韦词体,惟第七句添一字,第八句添一字,作折腰句法,结句添二字,即开宋人添字之法。元词衬字,实本于此。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调四十一字,前段五句四平韵,后段四句四平韵</span>         毛文锡</span>

    桃花流水漾纵横<span class="q">韵</span>春尽彩霞明<span class="q">韵</span>刘郎去<span class="q">句</span>阮郎行<span class="q">韵</span>惆怅恨难平<span class="q">韵</span>  愁坐对云屏<span class="q">韵</span>算归程<span class="q">韵</span>何</span>

    ○⊙⊙◎●⊙○ ⊙◎●⊙○ ○⊙● ●○○ ⊙●●○○   ⊙●●○○ ●○○ ⊙

    时携手洞边迎<span class="q">韵</span>诉衷情<span class="q">韵

    </span>○⊙●●○○ ●○○

    ·

    此两段词全押平韵,与韦单调词间入仄韵者不同。 按,《花间集》顾词别首,结句亦用“诉衷情”三字,与此同。但前段第二句“碧沼藕花馨”,碧字仄声;后段第三句“何时解佩掩云屏”,解字仄声。又魏承班词五首,其一首,前段起句“春情满眼脸红消”,满字仄声;结句“几共醉春朝”,几字仄声。又一首,后段第三句“梦魂几度绕天涯”,梦字仄声,与此平仄小异。惟一首前段起句“银汉云晴玉漏长”,汉字、漏字俱仄声,晴字平声,与此平仄全异。至第二句“平平仄仄平”,五首皆然,亦与此词平仄全异。谱内可平可仄据此,余见下词。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调四十一字,前段五句四平韵,后段四句三平韵</span>         魏承班</span>

    春深花簇小楼台<span class="q">韵</span>风飘锦绣开<span class="q">韵</span>新梦觉<span class="q">句</span>步香阶<span class="q">韵</span>山枕映红腮<span class="q">韵</span>  鬓乱坠金钗<span class="q">韵</span>语檀偎<span class="q">韵</span>临</span>

    ○○○●●○○ ○○●●○ ○●● ●○○ ○●●○○   ●●●○○ ●○○ ○

    行执手重重嘱<span class="q">句</span>几千回<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●●○○● ●○○

    ·

    按,魏词五首,其四首与毛词同,惟此首后段第三句不用韵异。

    </span></span>

    </span></span>

    西溪子

    唐教坊曲名。</span>

    西溪子 <span class="q">单调三十三字,八句四仄韵、一叠韵、两平韵</span>           牛 峤</span>

    捍拨双盘金凤<span class="q">仄韵</span>蝉鬓玉钗摇动<span class="q">韵</span>画堂前<span class="q">句</span>人不语<span class="q">换仄韵</span>弦解语<span class="q">叠</span>弹到昭君怨处<span class="q">韵</span>翠娥愁<span class="q">平韵</span>不</span>

    ●●○○○●<span class="q">  </span>○●●○○● ●○○ ○●●<span class="q">   </span>○●● ○●○○●● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>●

    抬头<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○

    ·

    此词三换韵,两仄一平,与间叶者不同。其第四、五句用叠韵,或非定格,校下毛词可见。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十五字,八句五仄韵、两平韵</span>              毛文锡</span>

    昨夜西溪游赏<span class="q">仄韵</span>芳树奇花千样<span class="q">韵</span>锁春光<span class="q">句</span>金尊满<span class="q">换仄韵</span>听弦管<span class="q">韵</span>娇妓舞衫香暖<span class="q">韵</span>不觉到斜</span>

    ◎●⊙○○●<span class="q">  </span>⊙●⊙○○● ●○○ ○⊙●<span class="q">   </span>⊙○● ⊙●●○○● ◎●●○

    晖<span class="q">平韵</span>马驮归<span class="q">韵

    </span>○<span class="q">  </span>●○○

    ·

    此与牛词同,惟第七句添二字,作五字句异。有李珣词二首可校。 按,李珣词,起句“金缕翠细浮动”,金字仄声;第四、五句“无限意,夕阳里”,限字、夕字俱仄声;第六句“满地落花慵扫”,满字仄声;第七、八句“无语倚屏风,泣残红”,无字平声。谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    天仙子  唐教坊曲名。按,段安节《乐府杂录》:《天仙子》,本名《万斯年》,李德裕进,属龟兹部舞曲。因皇甫松词有“懊恼天仙应有以”句,取以为名。 此词有单调双调两体。单调始于唐人,或押五仄韵,或押四仄韵,或押两仄韵、三平韵,或押五平韵。双调始于宋人,两段俱押五仄韵。</span>

    天仙子 <span class="q">单调三十四字,六句五仄韵</span>                  皇甫松</span>

    晴野鹭鸶飞一只<span class="q">韵</span>水荭花发秋江碧<span class="q">韵</span>刘郎此日别天仙<span class="q">句</span>登绮席<span class="q">韵</span>泪珠滴<span class="q">韵</span>十二晚峰高历历<span class="q">韵

    </span>⊙●◎○○●● ◎⊙○◎○⊙● ⊙○◎●●○○ ⊙◎● ◎⊙● ◎●◎○○●●

    ·

    此调以此词为正体。若和凝词之少押一韵,韦庄词之平仄换韵,或全押平韵,皆变体也。 按,和凝“柳色披衫”词,正与此同。惟第二句“纤手轻拈红豆弄”,平仄全异;第四、五句“桃花洞,瑶台梦”,平仄小异。宋人两段词即本之。此词可平可仄,详见后词,故不复注。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十四字,六句四仄韵</span>                  和 凝</span>

    洞口春红飞蔌蔌<span class="q">韵</span>仙子含愁眉黛绿<span class="q">韵</span>阮郎何事不归来<span class="q">句</span>懒烧金<span class="q">句</span>慵篆玉<span class="q">韵</span>流水桃花空断续<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●○○○●● ○●○○○●● ●○○●●○○ ●○○ ○●● ○●○○○●●

    ·

    此词第四句不用韵。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十四字,六句两仄韵、三平韵</span>              韦 庄</span>

    深夜归来长酩酊<span class="q">仄韵</span>扶入流苏犹未醒<span class="q">韵</span>醺醺酒气麝兰和<span class="q">平韵</span>惊睡觉<span class="q">句</span>笑呵呵<span class="q">韵</span>长道人生能几何<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●○○○●●<span class="q">  </span>○●○○○●● ○○●●●○○<span class="q">  </span>○●● ●○○ ○●○○○●○

    ·

    此词第三句以下换平韵。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十四字,六句五平韵</span>                  韦 庄</span>

    怅望前回梦里期<span class="q">韵</span>看花不语苦寻思<span class="q">韵</span>露桃宫里小腰肢<span class="q">韵</span>眉眼细<span class="q">句</span>鬓云垂<span class="q">韵</span>惟有多情宋玉知<span class="q">韵

    </span>◎●○○◎●○ ⊙⊙◎◎●⊙○ ◎○⊙●●○○ ⊙●● ●○○ ⊙●⊙○◎●○

    ·

    此词全押平韵,其第三句亦押韵,与仄韵体不同。韦庄词四首并同。 按,韦庄词,其一首第二句“天外鸿声枕上闻”,与此平仄全异。又一首起句“梦觉云屏依旧空”,依字平声;第二句“杜鹃声咽隔帘栊”,杜字仄声;第四、五句“一日日,恨重重”,一字仄声;结句“泪界莲腮两线红”,泪字仄声。又一首起句“金似衣裳玉似身”,金字平声;第三句“霞裙月帔一群群”,霞字平声,月字仄声;结句“刘阮不来春自曛”,不字仄声,春字平声。俱与此词平仄小异,谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调六十八字,前后段各六句五仄韵</span>              张 先</span>

    醉笑相逢能几度<span class="q">韵</span>为报江头春且住<span class="q">韵</span>主人今日是行人<span class="q">句</span>红袖舞<span class="q">韵</span>清歌女<span class="q">韵</span>凭仗东风交点取<span class="q">韵</span> </span>

    ◎●⊙○○●● ◎●⊙○○●● ◎○⊙●●○○ ⊙◎● ○⊙● ⊙●⊙○○●●

    三月柳枝柔似缕<span class="q">韵</span>落叶倦飞还恋树<span class="q">韵</span>有情宁不惜西园<span class="q">句</span>莺解语<span class="q">韵</span>花无数<span class="q">韵</span>应讶使君何处去<span class="q">韵

    </span></span>

    ⊙●◎○○●● ◎●◎○○●● ◎○⊙●●○○ ⊙◎● ○⊙● ⊙●◎○○●●

    ·

    此即和凝“柳色披衫”词体。和词单调,此则加一段为双调。但和词第四句不用韵,此第四句用韵也。 按,张词别首,前段第一句“持节来时初有雁”,持字平声。又一首“水调数声持酒听”,数字仄声。又一首第二句“因爱弄妆偷傅粉”,因字平声,弄字仄声;第三句“金蕉并为舞时空”,金字平声,并字仄声;第六句“往事后期空记省”,往字、后字俱仄声;后段可平可仄同。又,赵令畤词,前后段第四、五句“春欲竟,愁未醒”、“闲展兴,临好景”,或作平仄仄、平仄仄。《翰墨全书》词“玉绳转,银河淡”、“漏声缓,珂声远”,又作仄平仄、平平仄。均与此词小异,谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    风流子  唐教坊曲名。单调者,唐词一体;双调者,宋词三体。有前后段两起句不用韵者,有前段起句用韵、后段起句不用韵者,有前后段起句俱用韵者,诸体中有句读异同,各依其体类列。</span>

    风流子 <span class="q">单调三十四字,八句六仄韵</span>                  孙光宪</span>

    楼依长衢欲暮<span class="q">韵</span>瞥见神仙伴侣<span class="q">韵</span>微傅粉<span class="q">句</span>拢梳头<span class="q">句</span>隐映画帘开处<span class="q">韵</span>无语<span class="q">韵</span>无绪<span class="q">韵</span>慢曳罗裙归去<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●⊙○◎● ◎●⊙○◎● ○●● ●○○ ◎●◎○⊙● ○● ○● ◎●⊙○○●

    ·

    《花间集》孙光宪词三首,每首第六、七句,俱用两韵。其一首“听织,声促”,“屋”与“织”古韵本通,《啸余谱》注作四字句者误。 按,孙词别首,第一、二句“金络玉衔嘶马,系向绿杨阴下”,玉字、绿字俱仄声,嘶字、阴字俱平声;结句“犹在九衢深夜”,犹字平声,九字仄声。又一首,第二句“鸡犬自南自北”,鸡字平声;第五句“门内春波涨绿”,门字、春字俱平声,涨字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百十字,前段十二句四平韵,后段十句四平韵</span>        周邦彦</span>

    枫林凋晚叶<span class="q">句</span>关河迥<span class="q">读</span>楚客惨将归<span class="q">韵</span>望一川暝霭<span class="q">句</span>雁声哀怨<span class="q">句</span>半规凉月<span class="q">句</span>人影参差<span class="q">韵</span>酒醒后<span class="q">读

    </span>⊙⊙⊙◎● ○⊙● ◎●●○○ ●◎⊙◎◎ ●○○● ◎○⊙● ⊙◎⊙○ ◎⊙◎</span>

    泪花销凤蜡<span class="q">句</span>风幕卷金泥<span class="q">韵</span>砧杵韵高<span class="q">句</span>唤回残梦<span class="q">句</span>绮罗香减<span class="q">句</span>牵起余悲<span class="q">韵</span>  亭皋分襟地<span class="q">句</span>难</span>

    ◎○○●● ⊙●●○○ ⊙●●○ ◎○⊙● ◎○⊙● ⊙●○○   ⊙○○⊙● ○

    堪处<span class="q">读</span>偏是掩面牵衣<span class="q">韵</span>何况怨怀长结<span class="q">句</span>重见无期<span class="q">韵</span>想寄恨书中<span class="q">句</span>银钩空满<span class="q">句</span>断肠声里<span class="q">句</span>玉箸还</span>

    ⊙● ○◎◎●○○ ⊙●◎○○● ⊙●○○ ●◎◎⊙⊙ ⊙○⊙● ◎○⊙◎ ◎●○

    垂<span class="q">韵</span>多少暗愁密意<span class="q">句</span>惟有天知<span class="q">韵

    </span>○ ⊙●◎○◎● ⊙●○○ </span>

    ·

    此词前后段第一句俱不用韵,后段第二句作三字一读、六字一句,宋元词多如此填。 按,秦观词,后段第七句“奈何绵绵”,绵绵二字俱平声。又,方岳词,前段第二句“花正闹、灯火竟元宵”,正字仄声;第四句“飞金叵罗”,飞字平声,叵字仄声;第七句“香尘路、云鬆鸾髻鬓”,云字平声;第十一句“分明富贵”,分字平声;后段第二句“君不见、迷楼春绿迢迢”,不字仄声,楼字、春字平声;第九、十句“俯仰人间陈迹,莫惜金貂”,人字平声,莫字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此,其余参校所列诸词。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百十字,前段十二句四平韵,后段十一句四平韵</span>       张 耒</span>

    亭皋木叶下<span class="q">句</span>重阳近<span class="q">读</span>又是捣衣秋<span class="q">韵</span>奈愁入庾肠<span class="q">句</span>老侵潘鬓<span class="q">句</span>误簪黄菊<span class="q">句</span>花也应羞<span class="q">韵</span>楚天晚<span class="q">读

    </span>○○●●● ○○● ●●●○○ ●○●●○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○ ●○●

    向苹烟尽处<span class="q">句</span>红蓼水边头<span class="q">韵</span>芳草有情<span class="q">句</span>夕阳无语<span class="q">句</span>雁横南浦<span class="q">句</span>人倚西楼<span class="q">韵</span>  玉容知安否<span class="q">句</span>香</span>

    ●○○●● ○●●○○ ○●●○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○   ●○○○● ○

    笺共锦字<span class="q">句</span>两处悠悠<span class="q">韵</span>空恨白云离合<span class="q">句</span>青鸟沉浮<span class="q">韵</span>向风前懊恼<span class="q">句</span>芳心一点<span class="q">句</span>寸眉两叶<span class="q">句</span>禁甚闲</span>

    ○●●● ●●○○ ○●●○○● ○●○○ ●○○●● ○○●● ●○●● ○●○

    愁<span class="q">韵</span>情到不堪言处<span class="q">句</span>分付东流<span class="q">韵

    </span>○ ○●●○○● ○●○○

    ·

    此与“枫林凋晚叶”词同,惟后段第二句,作五字一句、四字一句异。 按,张元幹词“秦筝弄哀怨,云鬓分行”,史达祖词“寻芳纵来晚,尚有他年”,正与此同。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百十一字,前段十二句四平韵,后段十一句四平韵</span>      王之道</span>

    扁舟南浦岸<span class="q">句</span>分携处<span class="q">读</span>鸣佩忆珊珊<span class="q">韵</span>见千里长堤<span class="q">句</span>数声啼鴃<span class="q">句</span>至今清泪<span class="q">句</span>襟袖斓斑<span class="q">韵</span>谁信道<span class="q">读

    </span>○○○●● ○○● ○●●○○ ●●●○○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○ ○●●

    沈腰成瘦损<span class="q">句</span>潘鬓就衰残<span class="q">韵</span>漫把酒临风<span class="q">句</span>看花对月<span class="q">句</span>不言拄笏<span class="q">句</span>无绪凭阑<span class="q">韵</span>  相逢还相感<span class="q">句

    </span>●○○●● ○●●○○ ●●●○○ ●○●● ●○●● ○●○○   ○○○○●

    但凝情秋水<span class="q">句</span>送恨青山<span class="q">韵</span>应念马催行色<span class="q">句</span>泥溅征衫<span class="q">韵</span>况芳菲将过<span class="q">句</span>红英晼晚<span class="q">句</span>追随正乐<span class="q">句</span>黄鸟</span>

    ●○○○● ●●○○ ○●●○○● ○●○○ ●○○○● ○○●● ○○●● ○●

    间关<span class="q">韵</span>争得此心无著<span class="q">句</span>浑是云闲<span class="q">韵

    </span>○○ ○●●○○● ○●○○

    ·

    此与“枫林凋晚叶”词同,惟前段第九句多字,后段第二句作五字一句、四字一句异。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百十字,前后段各十二句四平韵</span>             王千秋</span>

    夜久烛花暗<span class="q">句</span>仙翁醉<span class="q">读</span>丰颊缕红霞<span class="q">韵</span>正三行钿袖<span class="q">句</span>一声金缕<span class="q">句</span>卷茵停舞<span class="q">句</span>侧火分茶<span class="q">韵</span>笑盈盈<span class="q">读

    </span>●●●○● ○○● ○●●○○ ●○○○● ●○○● ●○○● ●●○○ ●○○

    溅汤温翠碗<span class="q">句</span>拆印启缃纱<span class="q">韵</span>玉笋缓摇<span class="q">句</span>云头初起<span class="q">句</span>竹龙停战<span class="q">句</span>雨脚微斜<span class="q">韵</span>  清风生两腋<span class="q">句</span>尘</span>

    ●○○●● ●●●○○ ●●●○ ○○○● ●○○● ●●○○   ○○○●● ○

    埃尽<span class="q">句</span>留白雪<span class="q">句</span>长黄芽<span class="q">韵</span>解使芝眉长秀<span class="q">句</span>潘鬓休华<span class="q">韵</span>想行宫异日<span class="q">句</span>衮衣寒夜<span class="q">句</span>小团分赐<span class="q">句</span>新样</span>

    ⊙● ⊙●● ●○○ ●●○○○● ○●○○ ●○○●● ●○○● ●○○● ○●

    金花<span class="q">韵</span>还记玉麟春色<span class="q">句</span>曾在仙家<span class="q">韵

    </span>○○ ○●●○○● ○●○○

    ·

    此亦与“枫林凋晚叶”词同,惟后段第二句,作三字三句异。 按,元·罗志仁词,“飞不去,有落日,断猿啼”,正与此同,但不字、有字俱仄声。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百九字,前段十二句五平韵,后段十句四平韵</span>        周邦彦</span>

    新绿小池塘<span class="q">韵</span>风帘动<span class="q">读</span>碎影舞斜阳<span class="q">句</span>羡金屋去来<span class="q">句</span>旧时巢燕<span class="q">句</span>土花缭绕<span class="q">句</span>前度莓墙<span class="q">韵</span>绣阁凤帏</span>

    ○●●○○ ○○● ●●●○○ ●○●●○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○ ●●●○

    深几许<span class="q">句</span>听得理丝簧<span class="q">韵</span>欲说又休<span class="q">句</span>虑乖芳信<span class="q">句</span>未歌先咽<span class="q">句</span>愁近清觞<span class="q">韵</span>  遥知新妆了<span class="q">句</span>开朱户<span class="q">读

    </span>○●● ●●●○○ ●●●○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○   ○○○○● ○○●

    应自待月西厢<span class="q">韵</span>最苦梦魂<span class="q">句</span>今宵不到伊行<span class="q">韵</span>问甚时说与<span class="q">句</span>佳音密耗<span class="q">句</span>寄将秦镜<span class="q">句</span>偷换韩香<span class="q">韵</span>天</span>

    ○●●●○○ ●●●○ ⊙○◎●○○ ●●○●● ○○●● ●○○● ○●○○ ○

    便教人<span class="q">句</span>霎时厮见何妨<span class="q">韵

    </span>●○○ ●○○●○○

    ·

    此词前段起句用韵,后段起句不用韵。其前段第七句七字,后段第三句四字,第四句六字,第九句四字,结句六字,俱与诸家小异。 按,陈允平和周词,前段第七句“对握宝筝斜度曲”,后段第三、四句“十二画桥,一堤烟树成行”,结句“春已无多,只愁风雨相妨”,正与此同。 汲古阁《片玉集》刻此词,前段第七句,误作“绣阁里凤帏深几许”八字句,今从《花草粹编》校正。又有陈允平和词可据。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百九字,前段十二句五平韵,后段十句四平韵</span>        吴文英</span>

    金谷已空尘<span class="q">韵</span>薰风转<span class="q">读</span>国色返春魂<span class="q">韵</span>半欹雪醉霜<span class="q">句</span>舞低鸾翅<span class="q">句</span>绛笼蜜炬<span class="q">句</span>绿映龙盆<span class="q">韵</span>窈窕绣窗</span>

    ○●●○○ ○○● ●●●○○ ●○●●○ ●○○● ●○●● ●●○○ ●●●○

    人睡起<span class="q">句</span>临砌默无言<span class="q">韵</span>慵整堕鬟<span class="q">句</span>怨时迟暮<span class="q">句</span>可怜憔悴<span class="q">句</span>啼雨黄昏<span class="q">韵</span>  轻桡移花市<span class="q">句</span>秋娘渡<span class="q">读

    </span>○●● ○●●○○ ○●●○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○   ○○○○● ○○●飞浪溅湿行裙<span class="q">韵</span>二十四桥南北<span class="q">句</span>罗荐香分<span class="q">韵</span>念碎劈芳心<span class="q">句</span>萦思千缕<span class="q">句</span>赠将幽素<span class="q">句</span>偷剪重云<span class="q">韵</span>终</span>

    ○●●●○○ ◎●●○⊙● ⊙●○○ ●●●○○ ○○○● ●○○● ○●○○ ○

    待凤池归去<span class="q">句</span>催咏红翻<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●○○● ⊙●○○

    ·

    此与“新绿小池塘”词同,惟后段第三、四句,第九句、十句,仍作六字、四字句异。 按,吴词别首,前段第七句“自别楚娇天已远”,后段第三、四句“惆怅舞衣叠损,露绮千重”,第九、第十句“犹记弄花相谑,十二阑东”,正与此同。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百八字,前段十二句五平韵,后段十一句五平韵</span>         贺 铸</span>

    何处最难忘<span class="q">韵</span>方豪健<span class="q">读</span>放乐五云乡<span class="q">韵</span>彩笔赋诗<span class="q">句</span>禁池芳草<span class="q">句</span>香鞯调马<span class="q">句</span>辇路垂杨<span class="q">韵</span>绮亭上<span class="q">读</span>扇</span>

    ○●●○○ ○○● ●●●○○ ●●●○ ●○○● ○○○● ●●○○ ●○● ●<span class="q">

    </span>偎歌黛浅<span class="q">句</span>汗浥舞罗香<span class="q">韵</span>兰烛伴归<span class="q">句</span>绣轮同载<span class="q">句</span>闭花别馆<span class="q">句</span>隔水深坊<span class="q">韵</span>  零落少年场<span class="q">韵</span>琴心</span>

    ○○●● ●●●○○ ○●●○ ●○○● ●○●● ●●○○<span class="q">   </span>○●●○○ ○○

    漫流怨<span class="q">句</span>带眼偷长<span class="q">韵</span>无奈占床燕月<span class="q">句</span>欺鬓吴霜<span class="q">韵</span>塞北音尘<span class="q">句</span>鱼封永断<span class="q">句</span>便桥烟雨<span class="q">句</span>鹤表相望<span class="q">韵

    </span>●○● ●●○○ ○●●○○● ○●○○ ●●○○ ○○●● ●○○● ●●○○

    好在后庭桃李<span class="q">句</span>应记刘郎<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●●○○● ○●○○

    ·

    此词前后段起句俱用韵,后段第二句,作五字、四字两句。其前段第三句四字,后段第六句四字,更与各家不同。贺铸集仅见此一体。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调一百十一字,前段十二句五平韵,后段十一句五平韵</span>      吴 激</span>

    书剑忆游梁<span class="q">韵</span>当时事<span class="q">读</span>底处不堪伤<span class="q">韵</span>望兰楫嫩漪<span class="q">句</span>向吴南浦<span class="q">句</span>杏花微雨<span class="q">句</span>窥宋东墙<span class="q">韵</span>凤城外<span class="q">读

    </span>○●●○○ ○○● ●●●○○ ●○●●○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○ ●○●

    燕随青步障<span class="q">句</span>丝惹紫游缰<span class="q">韵</span>曲水古今<span class="q">句</span>禁烟前后<span class="q">句</span>暮云楼阁<span class="q">句</span>春草池塘<span class="q">韵</span>  回首断人肠<span class="q">韵</span>年</span>

    ●○○●● ○●●○○ ●●●○ ●○○● ●○○● ○●○○   ⊙◎◎⊙○ ○

    芳但如雾<span class="q">句</span>镜发已成霜<span class="q">韵</span>独自蚁尊陶写<span class="q">句</span>蝶梦悠扬<span class="q">韵</span>听出塞琵琶<span class="q">句</span>风沙淅沥<span class="q">句</span>寄书鸿雁<span class="q">句</span>烟月</span>

    ○◎⊙● ●●●○○ ●●●○○● ●●○○ ●●●○○ ○○●● ●○○● ○●

    微茫<span class="q">韵</span>不似海门潮信<span class="q">句</span>犹到浔阳<span class="q">韵

    </span>○○ ●●●○○● ○●○○

    ·

    此词前后段起句俱用韵,与贺铸词同,而前段第二句、后段第六句,仍用五字,与前各体同。至后段第二句,作五字两句,则与各家迥异矣。 按,杨慎《词品》无名氏词,后段第一、二句“马嵬西去路,愁来无会处,但泪满关山”,正与此同,惟前段起句不用韵小异。因字句同,不另录。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    归自谣  《乐府雅词》注:道调宫。一名《风光子》,赵彦端词名《思佳客》,《词律》编入《归国谣》者误。</span>

    归自谣 <span class="q">双调三十四字,前后段各三句三仄韵</span>              欧阳修</span>

    春艳艳<span class="q">韵</span>江上晚山三四点<span class="q">韵</span>柳丝如剪花如染<span class="q">韵</span> 香闺寂寞门半掩<span class="q">韵</span>愁眉敛<span class="q">韵</span>泪珠滴破胭脂脸<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●● ⊙●◎○○●● ◎○⊙●○○●  ⊙⊙◎◎○◎● ○⊙● ◎○●●○○●

    ·

    按,此词后段起句,欧阳别首云:“离人几岁无消息”,消字平声。赵彦端词云:“历历黄花矜酒美”,历历二字俱仄声,黄花二字俱平声。第二句,赵彦端词云:“清露委”,露字仄声。至末句,或云“不眠特地重相忆”,或云“来朝便是关山隔”,或云“山间有个闲人喜”,第三、四字俱用仄仄,《词律》于第三字注可平者误。又,姚述尧词二首,前段第二句“雨过池塘荷盖小”,雨字仄声,池字平声;第三句“薰风习习生庭户”,薰字平声,上习字仄声;其后段第三句,一云“玉人笑拥金樽倒”,一云“阑干倚遍凭谁诉”,句用第三、四字亦用仄仄,更可证《词律》之误。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    饮马歌  调见《松隐集》。自序:此曲自金源传至边城,饮牛马,即横笛吹之,不鼓不拍,声甚凄断。</span>

    饮马歌 <span class="q">单调三十四字,八句六仄韵</span>                  曹 勋</span>

    边城春未到<span class="q">韵</span>雪满交河道<span class="q">韵</span>暮沙明残照<span class="q">韵</span>塞烽云间小<span class="q">韵</span>断鸿悲<span class="q">句</span>陇月低<span class="q">句</span>泪湿征衣悄<span class="q">韵</span>岁华老<span class="q">韵

    </span>○○○●● ●●○○● ●○○○● ●○○○● ●○○ ●●○ ●●○○● ●○●

    ·

    此词第五、六句,悲、低二字,疑是间押二平韵,然无他首可校。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    定西番  唐教坊曲名。</span>

    定西番 <span class="q">双调三十五字,前段四句一仄韵、两平韵,后段四句两仄韵、两平韵</span>  温庭筠</span>

    汉使昔年离别<span class="q">仄韵</span>攀弱柳<span class="q">句</span>折寒梅<span class="q">平韵</span>上高台<span class="q">韵</span>  千里玉关春雪<span class="q">仄韵</span>雁来人不来<span class="q">平韵</span>羌笛一</span>

    ●●●○○●<span class="q">  </span>○●● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>●○○   ○●●○○●<span class="q">  </span>●○○●○<span class="q">  </span>○●●

    声愁绝<span class="q">仄韵</span>月徘徊<span class="q">平韵

    </span>○○●<span class="q">  </span>●○○

    ·

    此词前后段起句及后段第三句,俱间押仄韵。温庭筠别首“海燕欲飞”词,与此同,其平仄如一。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调三十五字,前后段各四句一仄韵、两平韵</span>           温庭筠</span>

    细雨晓莺春晚<span class="q">仄韵</span>人似玉<span class="q">句</span>柳如眉<span class="q">平韵</span>正相思<span class="q">韵</span>  罗幕翠帘初卷<span class="q">仄韵</span>镜中花一枝<span class="q">平韵</span>肠断塞</span>

    ●●●○○●<span class="q">  </span>○●● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>●○○   ○●●○○●<span class="q">  </span>●○○●○<span class="q">  </span>○●●

    门消息<span class="q">句</span>雁来稀<span class="q">韵

    </span>○○● ●○○

    ·

    此词前后段起句间押仄韵,后段第三句不用韵,与前首异。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调三十五字,前段四句两平韵,后段四句两仄韵、两平韵     </span>韦 庄</span>

    挑尽金灯红烬<span class="q">句</span>人灼灼<span class="q">句</span>漏迟迟<span class="q">平韵</span>未眠时<span class="q">韵</span>  斜倚银屏无语<span class="q">仄韵</span>闲愁上翠眉<span class="q">平韵</span>闷煞梧桐</span>

    ⊙●⊙○○● ○●● ●○○<span class="q">  </span>●○○   ○●⊙○○●<span class="q">  </span>⊙○◎●○<span class="q">  </span>●●⊙○

    残雨<span class="q">仄韵</span>滴相思<span class="q">平韵

    </span>○●<span class="q">  </span>●○○

    ·

    此词前段起句不用韵,后段第一句、第三句间押仄韵。牛峤“紫塞月明”词,正与此同。 按,牛词前段起句“紫塞月明千里”,紫字、月字俱仄声;后段起句“乡思望中天阔”,望字仄声;第二句“漏残星亦残”,漏字仄声,星字平声;第三句“画角数声呜咽”,数字仄声。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调三十五字,前后段各四句两平韵</span>              孙光宪</span>

    鸡禄山前游骑<span class="q">句</span>边草白<span class="q">句</span>朔天明<span class="q">韵</span>马蹄轻<span class="q">韵</span>  鹊面弓离短鞘<span class="q">句</span>弯来月欲成<span class="q">韵</span>一只鸣骹云外<span class="q">句

    </span>○●○○⊙● ○●● ●○○ ●○○   ◎●⊙○◎● ○○●●○ ●●⊙○○●

    晓鸿惊<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ●○○

    ·

    此词不间入仄韵。韦庄“芳草丛生”词、毛熙震“苍翠浓阴”词,皆与此同。 按,韦词前段第一句“芳草丛生缕结”,缕字仄声。毛词后段第一句“斜日倚阑风好”,斜字平声,倚字仄声,风字平声;第三句“未得玉郎消息”,玉字仄声。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调四十一字,前段五句两平韵,后段四句两平韵</span>         张 先</span>

    捍拨紫檀金衬<span class="q">句</span>双秀萼<span class="q">句</span>两回鸾<span class="q">韵</span>齐学汉宫妆样<span class="q">句</span>竞婵娟<span class="q">韵</span>  三十六弦蝉闹<span class="q">句</span>小弦蜂作团<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●●○○● ○●● ●○○ ⊙●◎○○● ●○○   ○◎●○○● ●○○●○

    听尽昭君幽怨<span class="q">句</span>莫重弹<span class="q">韵

    </span>●●○○○● ●○○

    ·

    此词亦不间入仄韵。前段第三句下多六字一句,与孙词异。 按,张词三首皆然。其一首,前段第四句“尽带江南春色”,尽字仄声,江字平声;换头句“鸳鸯愿从今夜”,鸯字平声。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    江城子  唐词单调,以韦庄词为主,余俱照韦词添字,至宋人始作双调。晁补之改名《江神子》,韩淲词有“腊后春前村意远”句,名《村意远》。</span>

    江城子 <span class="q">单调三十五字,七句五平韵</span>                  韦 庄</span>

    髻鬟狼藉黛眉长<span class="q">韵</span>出兰房<span class="q">韵</span>别檀郎<span class="q">韵</span>角声呜咽<span class="q">读</span>星斗渐微茫<span class="q">韵</span>露冷月残人未起<span class="q">句</span>留不住<span class="q">句</span>泪</span>

    ◎⊙○◎◎⊙○ ●○○ ◎⊙○ ◎⊙⊙◎ ⊙●●○○ ◎●◎○⊙●● ⊙◎● ●

    千行<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○

    ·

    此词起句,韦词别首“恩重娇多情易伤”,恩字、多字、情字俱平声,重字、易字俱仄声。第三句,和凝词“连理枝”,连字平声,理字仄声。第四句,张泌词“飞絮落花”,飞字、花字平声,絮字、落字仄声。第五句,和词“含恨含娇独自语”,两含字平声,独字仄声。第六句,和词“待梅绽”,待字仄声,梅字平声。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十六字,七句五平韵</span>                  欧阳炯</span>

    晚日金陵岸草平<span class="q">韵</span>落霞明<span class="q">韵</span>水无情<span class="q">韵</span>六代繁华<span class="q">读</span>暗逐逝波声<span class="q">韵</span>空有姑苏台上月<span class="q">句</span>如西子镜<span class="q">句</span>照</span>

    ●●○○●●○ ●○○ ●○○ ●●○○ ●●●○○ ○●○○○●● ○○●● ●

    江城<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○

    ·

    此词第六句较各家多一字,即开宋词衬字之法。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十七字,七句五平韵</span>                  牛 峤</span>

    极浦烟消水鸟飞<span class="q">韵</span>离筵分手时<span class="q">韵</span>送金卮<span class="q">韵</span>渡口杨花<span class="q">读</span>如雪任风吹<span class="q">韵</span>日暮空江波浪急<span class="q">句</span>芳草岸<span class="q">句

    </span>●●○○●●○ ○○○●○ ●○○ ●●○○ ○●●○○ ●●○○○●● ○●●

    雨如丝<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ●○○

    ·

    此词第二句五字,较韦词多二字,即开宋词添字之法。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十六字,八句五平韵</span>                  尹 鹗</span>

    裙拖碧<span class="q">句</span>步飘香<span class="q">韵</span>纤腰束素长<span class="q">韵</span>鬓云光<span class="q">韵</span>拂面珑璁<span class="q">读</span>腻玉碎凝妆<span class="q">韵</span>宝柱秦筝弹向晚<span class="q">句</span>弦促雁<span class="q">句

    </span>○○● ●○○ ○○●●○ ●○○ ●●○○ ●●●○○ ●●○○○●● ○●●

    更思量<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ●○○

    ·

    此词起作三字两句,即开宋体减字摊破之法。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调七十字,前后段各七句五平韵</span>               苏 轼</span>

    凤凰山下雨初晴<span class="q">韵</span>水风清<span class="q">韵</span>晚霞明<span class="q">韵</span>一朵芙蓉<span class="q">读</span>开过尚盈盈<span class="q">韵</span>何处飞来双白鹭<span class="q">句</span>如有意<span class="q">句</span>慕娉</span>

    ◎○⊙●●○○ ●○○ ●○○ ◎●⊙○ ⊙●●○○ ⊙●⊙○○●● ○◎● ●○

    婷<span class="q">韵</span>  忽闻江上弄哀筝<span class="q">韵</span>苦含情<span class="q">韵</span>遣谁听<span class="q">韵</span>烟敛云收<span class="q">读</span>依约是湘灵<span class="q">韵</span>欲待曲终寻问取<span class="q">句</span>人不</span>

    ○   ◎○⊙●●○○ ●○○ ●○○ ⊙●⊙○ ⊙●●○○ ◎●◎○○●● ○◎</span>

    见<span class="q">句</span>数峰青<span class="q">韵

    </span>● ●○○

    ·

    此词两段,俱照韦庄体填。内第四句,平仄乃照张泌“飞絮落花”句体填。细查宋词,其可平可仄,不甚异同。惟秦观词,前结“虽同处,不同枝”、后结“重相见,是何时”,又方岳词,前段第四句云“几雨几晴,做得这些春”、后段第四句云“吹得酒痕,如洗一番新”,平仄略为小异。余只七言句,第一字、第三字,九言句第一字、第五字,大概不拘也。 按,黄庭坚有仄韵《江城子》词,其字句与苏词同,惟韵脚改为仄声耳。因词俚不录。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    望江怨  调见花间集。</span>

    望江怨 <span class="q">单调三十五字,七句六仄韵</span>                  牛 峤</span>

    东风急<span class="q">韵</span>惜别花时手频执<span class="q">韵</span>罗帏愁独入<span class="q">韵</span>马嘶残雨春芜湿<span class="q">韵</span>倚门立<span class="q">韵</span>寄语薄情郎<span class="q">句</span>粉香和泪</span>

    ○○● ●●○○●○● ○○○●● ●○○●○○● ●○● ●●●○○ ●○○●

    泣<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ●

    ·

    按,《花间集》此调只有牛峤一词,平仄当遵之。《啸余谱》所注平仄及《词统》所采明词,皆误。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    长相思  唐教坊曲名。林逋词有“吴山青”句,名《吴山青》;张辑词有“江南山渐青”句,名《山渐青》;王行词名《青山相送迎》;《乐府雅词》名《长相思令》,又名《相思令》。</span>

    长相思 <span class="q">双调三十六字,前后段各四句三平韵、一叠韵</span>           白居易</span>

    汴水流<span class="q">韵</span>泗水流<span class="q">叠</span>流到瓜州古渡头<span class="q">韵</span>吴山点点愁<span class="q">韵</span>  思悠悠<span class="q">韵</span>恨悠悠<span class="q">叠</span>恨到归时方始休<span class="q">韵</span>月</span>

    ◎◎○ ●◎○ ○●○○●●○ ○○●●○   ●○○ ◎○○ ●●○○○●○ ●

    明人倚楼<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○●○

    ·

    此调以此词及欧词为正体,其余押韵异同,皆变格也。 此词前后段起二句,俱用叠韵,如冯延巳词之“红满枝,绿满枝”、“忆归期,数归期”,张辑词之“山无情,水无情”、“拟行行,重行行”,皆照此填。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调三十六字,前段四句三平韵、一叠韵,后段四句三平韵      </span>白居易</span>

    深画眉<span class="q">韵</span>浅画眉<span class="q">叠</span>蝉鬓鬅鬙云满衣<span class="q">韵</span>阳台行雨回<span class="q">韵</span>  巫山高<span class="q">句</span>巫山低<span class="q">韵</span>暮雨萧萧郎不归<span class="q">韵</span>空</span>

    ○●○ ●●○ ○●○○○●○ ○○○●○   ⊙○○ ⊙○○ ●●○○○●○ ○

    房独守时<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○●●○

    ·

    此词后段起句不用韵。如李煜词之“菊花开,菊花残”,欧阳修词之“长江东,长江西”,皆照此填。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调三十六字,前后段各四句三平韵、一叠韵            </span>晏几道</span>

    长相思<span class="q">韵</span>长相思<span class="q">叠</span>若问相思甚了期<span class="q">韵</span>除非相见时<span class="q">韵</span>  长相思<span class="q">韵</span>长相思<span class="q">叠</span>欲把相思说与谁<span class="q">韵</span>浅</span>

    ○○○ ○○○ ●●○○●●○ ○○○●○   ○○○ ○○○ ●●○○●●○ ●

    情人不知<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○●○

    ·

    此词前后段起叠用“长相思”四句,又与各家不同。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调三十六字,前后段各四句四平韵</span>               欧阳修</span>

    苹满溪<span class="q">韵</span>柳绕堤<span class="q">韵</span>相送行人溪水西<span class="q">韵</span>回时陇月低<span class="q">韵</span>  烟霏霏<span class="q">韵</span>雨凄凄<span class="q">韵</span>重倚朱门听马嘶<span class="q">韵</span>寒</span>

    ⊙◎○ ●◎○ ○●○○○●○ ○○●●○   ⊙⊙○ ◎⊙○ ○●○○●●○ ○

    鸦相对飞<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○●○

    ·

    此词前后段起二句不用叠韵,如周邦彦词之“沙棠舟,小棹游”、“烟云愁,箫鼓休”。万俟咏词之“一声声,一更更”、“梦难成,恨难平”,曾觌词之“清夜长,泛玉觞”、“围艳妆,留醉乡”,俱照此填。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">双调三十六字,前段四句三平韵、一叠韵,后段四句三平韵</span>      刘光祖</span>

    玉尊凉<span class="q">韵</span>玉人凉<span class="q">叠</span>若听离歌须断肠<span class="q">韵</span>休疑成鬓霜<span class="q">韵</span>  画桥西<span class="q">句</span>画桥东<span class="q">换韵</span>有泪分明清涨同<span class="q">韵

    </span>●○○ ●○○ ●●○○○●○ ○○○●○   ●○○ ●○○<span class="q">  </span>●●○○○●○

    如何留醉翁<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○○●○

    ·

    此词后段平韵另换,与各家异。

    </span></span>

    </span>

    思帝乡  唐教坊曲名。</span>

    思帝乡 <span class="q">单调三十六字,七句五平韵                    </span>温庭筠</span>

    花花<span class="q">韵</span>满枝红似霞<span class="q">韵</span>罗袖画屏肠断<span class="q">句</span>卓金车<span class="q">韵</span>回面共人闲语<span class="q">句</span>战篦金凤斜<span class="q">韵</span>惟有阮郎春尽<span class="q">读</span>不</span>

    ○○ ●○○●○ ⊙●●○○● ●○○ ⊙●◎○⊙● ◎○⊙●○ ⊙●●○○● ●

    还家<span class="q">韵</span></span>

    ○○

    ·

    此调创自温词,若韦作则本此减字者。《词律》列韦词在前,此词在后,失其源流矣。 按,孙光宪词正与此同,惟第三句“永日水塘帘下”,永字仄声;第五句“六幅罗裙窣地”,六字、窣字仄声,罗字平声;第六句“微行曳碧波”,微字平声,曳字仄声;第七句“看尽满池疏雨”,看字仄声。谱内可平可仄据此。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十四字,七句五平韵</span>                  韦 庄</span>

    春日游<span class="q">韵</span>杏花吹满头<span class="q">韵</span>陌上谁家年少<span class="q">句</span>足风流<span class="q">韵</span>妾拟将身嫁与<span class="q">句</span>一生休<span class="q">韵</span>纵被无情弃<span class="q">读</span>不能羞<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●○ ●○○●○ ●●○○○● ●○○ ●●○○●● ●○○ ●●○○● ●○○

    ·

    此词起句比温词多一字,第六句比温词少二字,第七句比温词少一字,余俱同。此所谓本温词减字也。

    </span></span>

    又一体 <span class="q">单调三十三字,八句四平韵</span>                  韦 庄</span>

    云髻坠<span class="q">句</span>凤钗垂<span class="q">韵</span>髻坠钗垂无力<span class="q">句</span>枕函敧<span class="q">韵</span>翡翠屏深月落<span class="q">句</span>漏依依<span class="q">韵</span>说尽人间天上<span class="q">句</span>两心知<span class="q">韵

    </span>○●● ●○○ ●●○○○● ●○○ ●●○○●● ●○○ ●●○○○● ●○○

    ·

    此词较前词第二句又减二字,惟第七句六字,仍照温词填。

    </span></span>

    </span>